AE - Motion Tracking
Motion Tracking - Adobe After Effects feature that allows you to track the movement of an object within your footage to then apply that data to another element (graphic, text, video, layer, etc.). In simplest terms, it lets you automatically make an object follow another element.
In this article we will explain four types of Motion Tracking within After Effects:
One-Point & Two-Point Tracking
3D Camera Tracking
Mocha Tracking
1. ONE AND TWO-POINT TRACKING
The most basic form of tracking, allowing you to track an object using a single point (One-Point Tracking) or two points (Two-Point Tracking) of reference .
One-Point Tracking allows you to track only positions while Two-Point Tracking can be then applied to position, scale AND rotation of the targeted element.
Import the footage you wish to track ( A ) as well as the element you’d like to attach to the certain point ( B ). Position footage A underneath element B. | |
Create a Null Object by going to Layer > New > Null Object. You can also right-click on the empty space within the timeline and select New > Null Object. The Null object will become the target for the data we’re about to generate. | |
Select your video layer A and navigate to the Tracker panel on the right. If you can’t see that panel, go to Window > Tracker or change your workspace to Motion Tracking. | |
Click on the Track Motion button. A tracking point will appear on top of your footage. Position it at the spot you wish to track and then resize the Search Region ( A ) and Feature Region ( B ).
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| Position the track point(s) at the spot you wish to track and then resize the Search Region ( A ) and Feature Region ( B ).
A track point consists of: For best results choose a spot with a distinctive contrast. |
| If you only want to track the position of the object, select the Position box. If you need to track Position AND Rotation (AND/OR Scale) make sure to check the respective boxes. |
Click Edit Target and select the Null Object. | |
Analyse the footage by positioning the playhead at the beginning of your clip and clicking the forward button in the tracker panel.
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| In Object Layer select the parent pick-whip of the element you want to attach and drag it into the Null layer. Now the two layers are parented. Adjust the position of the attached layer to your liking and DONE! Now when you play the footage, the attached layer will follow the point. |
2. 3D CAMERA TRACKING
This method is more advanced and can be tricky to use. The program will analyse your footage and then generate a 3D scene (by creating track points) within your 2D video.
| Select the video layer you wish to analyse. |
Navigate to the Tracker panel on the right. If you can’t see that panel, go to Window > Tracker or change your workspace to Motion Tracking. | |
Click on the Track Camera button. | |
The program will now analyse your footage. It might take a while depending on the length and resolution of your video file. | |
| Once the process is finished you should be able to see a lot of different tracking points appear on your footage. They are your points of reference to which you will be able to attach your graphic or text. If the points are too small, you can change their size in the Effects Control panel by adjusting the Track Point Size value. |
Hover over the track points on the screen to see different planes to which you will be able to attach the desired graphic or text. Right-click the plane that works for you and choose Create Solid and Camera. A solid square will appear on your footage alongside with a new Track Solid layer and 3D Tracker Camera layer on the timeline. | |
Right-click the Track Solid layer on the timeline and select Pre-Compose. Change the name to something appropriate (remember, tidy project is the key), select Leave all attributes in ‘Composition Name’ and click OK. | |
Double-click the newly created sequence in the timeline to open it. | |
Delete the solid from the sequence and change the composition size by going to Composition > Composition Settings. Change the settings to match your current project file. | |
Type your desired text or insert your graphic/video into this sequence. Now, when you go back to your main composition, you should be able to see that element on your footage in the selected spot. When you play the footage, that element should stick to the point you chose. | |
| You can go back into the created composition to change and adjust the text or anything else you put in it.
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| In the main composition you can also adjust the size and position of the element with the selection tool. |
3. MOCHA TRACKING
And advanced plugin within After Effects that lets you motion track, rotoscope, remove objects from your scenes and stabilise the image.
Select the video layer you wish to track. | |
Navigate to Effect > Boris FX Mocha > Mocha AE. | |
In the Effects Control panel click the MOCHA button. Let the new window open up. The layout might seem confusing but there are only a few options we will be using to track our object. | |
Select the pen/layer tool from the tool panel on the top. | |
Create an outline of the object by left-clicking (it will create blue points and red outlines). Once you have the rough outline of the object (such as the laptop, mobile phone screen, wall), right-click wherever on the screen to exit the shape creation. You can later on adjust the exact placement of the blue points. | |
Select the Show Surface (tracking data) option in the Surface panel. | |
A blue rectangle will show up. Adjust its placement and size to match the object (in our case - the screen). Do so by clicking on each corner and dragging it to its place. | |
Once you’re happy with your selection, click on the Track forward button to track the movement of the object. It might take a while depending on the length and resolution of your video file. | |
Once the tracking is completed, click the Save button in the top left corner. | |
Now, go to Mocha AE > Quit Mocha AE. This will close the Mocha window and go back to the After Effects project. | |
Navigate to the Effects Control panel. In the Mocha AE effect panel, open the Tracking Data tab and click on the Create Track Data… button. | |
A Layer Controls window will open. Make sure that the Layer has the little sun icon (visibility toggle) next to it. If there is an empty space there, click on it and the icon should appear. Click OK. Now the track data has been applied to your video. | |
Create a new Solid by right-clicking on the timeline, New > Solid… | |
Right-click the Solid and click Pre-compose. Change the name to something appropriate (remember, tidy project is the key), select Leave all attributes in ‘Composition Name’ and click OK. | |
Double-click on the newly created composition to open it. | |
Delete the solid from the sequence and import a video or graphic that you want to place within your footage. For the element to correctly fill the target space, it needs to be adjusted to this compositions dimensions. Scale, rotate and warp the video or graphic to fill the space. | |
Go back to the main composition. Select your tracked layer, and in the Mocha AE effect panel, in the Tracking Data tab, change the Export Option to Corner Pin (Support Motion Blur) and the Layer Export to your layer with the element. | |
| Click Apply Export. The tracked space should now be filled with the element you put in the other composition. |